Types of Foods Diabetics Eat

Diabetes is a condition that is characterized by the inability of the body to regulate the production of insulin, which causes unpredictable blood sugar levels. A proper diet helps to reduce and regulate blood sugar levels.

Carbohydrates

According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA), diabetic individuals should obtain the largest proportion of their daily calorie intake from carbohydrates. Foods that are high in carbohydrates include grains such as oats and wheat, as well as starches such as rice, bread and pasta. Starchy vegetables like corn, potatoes and pinto beans are another source of carbohydrates for diabetics.

High Protein

Although approximately half of the diabetic's food intake is comprised of carbohydrates, at least 20 percent should be derived from protein. Poultry, fish and lean cuts of beef are recommended sources of protein for diabetics. Since meats don't contain carbohydrates, they do not raise blood sugar levels. Plant-based protein such as soy milk and other soy products, legumes such as dried beans and peas as well as lentils are another good source of protein. Eggs and tofu fall under this group.

Vegetables

Vegetables, particularly dark-green, leafy vegetables such as spinach and kale, are one of the healthiest of foods for a diabetic's diet. This is because they are a low-fat source of vitamins, fiber and minerals. Other vegetables in this group of foods in a diabetic's diet are broccoli, green beans, cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, carrots and peppers. When purchasing canned or frozen vegetables and vegetable juices, select brands that do not have any added sugar or sodium.

Fruit

Fruits offer another rich source of vitamins, fiber and minerals, and also contain carbohydrates. Furthermore, most fruits have a low glycemic index. Fruits that fall into this food group for diabetics include: apples, oranges, bananas, blackberries, strawberries, pears and grapes. Ideally, the fruit should be fresh, canned or frozen, and contain no added sugars. Fruit can be substituted for starches or grains in a meal to meet the diabetic's carbohydrate intake.

Milk and Dairy

Milk and milk products such as cheese and yogurt are high in protein and calcium, and have a low glycemic index. Diabetics should select low-fat or non-fat dairy products to avoid saturated fats. The ADA recommends two to three daily servings of milk and dairy to meet the special dietary requirements of diabetics.