Is there anything students dread more than a pop quiz? Critics claim that tests used to assess the rate of learning and grade students' progress may reduce motivation and stigmatize students who don't test well. However, a study cited by the Journal of Instructional Psychology demonstrated that all sorts of tests promote learning. Regardless of the type of test used, most students score well on tests given immediately after they learn new material, contributing to self esteem and a sense of accomplishment.
Informal
Informal tests are review tests like pop quizzes and review games that teachers create. These tests are fine for helping students review what they should already know, but results of these tests are of unknown reliability.
Formative
Formative tests, sometimes called dynamic tests, assess the student's comprehension of material that teachers are currently covering in the clasroom. Critics of this type of test claim that formative tests do not accurately measure learning levels. In "Test Less, Assess More, a K-8 Guide to Formative Assessment," authors Leighangela Brady and Lisa McColl assert that assessment through classroom lessons and activities provides more valid results than formative tests.
Summative
Summative tests, sometimes called static tests, assess what a student learned about a topic after having studied it. Summative tests include chapter-end summary tests, final exams and standard state tests.
Diagnostic
Diagnostic tests measure a student's detailed knowledge of a particular subject. Some diagnostic tests use a computer-adaptive approach where a computer asks a student progressively more difficult questions as long as the student keeps answering correctly.
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